Japanese Internment :: Japan War History Essays

Japanese Internment The Virtual Museum Of The City Of San Francisco has established a great source for those interested in studying the internment of Japanese during World War II. This topic is reflected very accurately and fairly in the archives of the museum because the archives consist of primary documents. Their archives of original newspaper articles are the basis of this research document. The content listed on the museum’s web site is very relevant to the topic of Japanese internment because it provides a wealth of primary documents including opinions of ordinary people writing to their newspaper to express a wide variety of viewpoints on the subject of Japanese internment during the Second World War. One question stands above all others and the virtual museum gives a good first-hand account of events to answer it - what happened to the Japanese and why were they forced to move? To answer this question, the archives of the Virtual Museum Of The City Of San Francisco should be consulted. On February 14, 1942 Lt. General J. L. DeWitt, â€Å"commanding general of the Fourth Army and the Western Defense Command[i]† recommended to the War Department, the â€Å"evacuation[ii]† of Japanese living along the Pacific coast, deemed a Military Zone. About 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry, many of those people American citizens, living on the West Coast and Southern Arizona were removed from their homes to locations of the government’s choosing. The very term â€Å"evacuation† is misleading to say the least because it suggests that the Japanese were being relocated to protect their safety. The excuses cited by the military were to establish â€Å"broad civil control, anti-sabotage, and counter-espionage measures.[iii]† The reasons given to justify â€Å"evacuation† suggested that the Japanese were a threat to the nation and not the nation a threat to the Japanese. Drawing a dichotomy, the United States Government tried to put a human face on the forced evacuations by claiming America was protecting the Japanese by moving them out of a war zone. The government would claim it was helping the Japanese by relocating the Japanese to a zone of safety outside the military zone. Statements from the government would contradict each other throughout this period of time. For instance, Japanese-Americans were termed â€Å"enemy aliens,† while at the same time, they were encouraged to be good citizens and loyal Americans by enlisting in the war effort, relocating voluntarily, offering no resistance and no questioning of the relocation efforts and activities.

A day without a mexican Essay

With the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo on February 2, 1848, the border dividing the Mexican people was formed. The Mexican border means various things to different people. To date, 600 miles of border wall has already been built. This wall would extend from California, to El Paso, to the valley. The first reason given by the government for construction of the wall was to prevent terrorist attacks, the next was to keep illegal Mexicans out, and the most current one is to combat the drug smuggling into the United States. For some Mexicans and Mexican Americans, the border poses threats, and for others, it establishes possibilities for oneself and one’s family. The border industrialization program, which began the 1970s, increased significantly from its previous conditions. Migration to border towns became highly prevalent. Border cities led to population growth and, simultaneously, high unemployment rates. In reaction, government officials started the maquilladora program. Maquillas (from the Spanish maquillar, ‘to make up’) are the giant sweatshops of the global economy, where armies of poor women are put to work to assemble goods for export. See more: Unemployment – problems and solutions essay The supply of women is so great that these women are treated with no value. Border industrialization began to rise and power companies such as Samsung and RCA, as evident in the movie, Maquilapolis (2006) by Vicky Funari and Sergio de la Torre, by always having lines of women ready and willing to work. Mexican government officials viewed the Maquiladora Program in a positive light, claiming it to be â€Å"an integral part of Mexico’s strategy for development. †[1] The movie depicts the maquiladora workers in Tijuana, Mexico to balance life working in these factories with their struggle for justice in the system that governs their place of work. This reiterates how machismo affected gender relations in Mexico and how woman are devalued. These maquiladoras are good because of the labor they give to Mexican citizens. However, it’s not fair for the low wages and cruelties taken on by the employees in these factories. Unsanitary and dangerous factory conditions pose threats to these women’s lives each day. The women are looking for the means of life and survival. They face jobless times, so they are forced to find jobs in labor. Despite the conditions these women have been subjected to, they still continue to remain hopeful. Senorita Extraviada (2001) is a documentary by Lourdes Portillo about the hundreds of unsolved murders of young women that have occurred over the past 10 years in Juarez, Mexico—the Mexican border city across the Rio Grande from El Paso. The Coalition of non-government organizations (NGOs) for Women (1994-2000) was created by female activists; their main aim behind the coalition was to change the cultural, economic, and political context of gendered violence in the city. This coalition organized events such as marches, press conferences, and domestic and international press was prevalent. There were many challenges against this coalition: it was the city’s first ever cross-class women’s political organization and the city’s first feminist-oriented political coalition. An external attack began to form on the Coalition. Many â€Å"elite† political and economic leaders argued that the violence was â€Å"normal† for Juarez. They argued that many of these women knew what they were doing—living the â€Å"doble vida† (double life) as factory workers during the day and prostitutes by night. Many asserted it was a recycled discourse of female trouble. The notion of these â€Å"public women† mimicked the negative talk surrounding the prostitutes as women who â€Å"contaminated† all associated with her from family, community, and nation. A â€Å"public woman† was regarded as an illegitimate citizen. Government authorities used this as a way to dismiss the influx of crimes and blame the women for the surge of violence in Juarez. Alejandro Lugo presents an analysis of the social dimensions along the border from color hierarchies to the notions of borderlands. He suggests that border crossings are â€Å"constituted by ‘inspection stations’ which inspect, monitor, and survey what goes in and out in the name of class, race, and nation. †[2] He asserts that the term ‘border crossings’ has become an exceedingly hopeful phrase. Lugo further claims that people are, indeed, afraid to cross these borders. There are a few reasons for that. Those who have legal residence in the U. S. , who are light-skinned, and those who speak English, cross borders without much concern. However, those are not American citizens, who are dark-skinned, and who don’t speak English face tough circumstances. As Lugo suggests, â€Å"while borderlands implies multiple sides, ‘border’ implies two sides. †[3] The division between the United States and Mexico is ever-present, separating those who are residents and those who aspire to live the American dream to better themselves and their family. Violence is being exercised against Mexicans at border crossings. The Border Patrol continues to isolate those who do not have legal residence and force these Mexicans back to where they supposedly ‘belong. ’ There is no in-between. As described by Lugo, many Border Patrol agents possess no acceptance for uncertainty. You must prove you belong or you’re forced back to the other side. This border symbolizes such positive things for many hopefuls seeking freedom, work, opportunity, however, at the same time, is a complete, unwelcoming division. Color hierarchies exhibit this discrimination against many dark-skinned Mexicans who are forced out of the U. S. by their own Mexican American people along the border. The border transforms itself. As evident of this border transformation is the drug smuggling. In a recent article, â€Å"Drug smugglers from Mexico move into NM town,† the border town of Columbus, NM has seen an influx of fancy cars with nice rims and a boom in the housing market. Many of these drug smugglers have fled from Palomas, Mexico where the Mexican army had previously been stationed. According to some residents, such as Maria Gutierrez, â€Å"The problem is in Palomas. It’s serene here†[4] Many have refused to come to terms that crime is starting to flood their town. This also alludes to the border transformation—not just a sign of hope to those who seek to cross it, but, now, a means of making big money for some. The Columbus police department has faced its share of â€Å"bad† cops within the force, yet the new appointment of police chief, Angelo Vega, is meant to restructure things within the town. However, even some residents believe that it would be impossible for this town to survive without illegal money flowing in. Not only is violence witnessed between Mexicans and Mexican Americans, but also amongst Caucasians. Racial injustice continues to exist to this day. Similar to the story of Esequiel Hernandez, the 18-year-old U. S. high school student killed on May 20, 1997 by Marines along the US–Mexico border in Redford, Texas, Luis Ramirez was recently murdered by two Anglo males in Pennsylvania. Ramirez, a 25-year-old illegal Mexican immigrant, was assaulted by â€Å"a gang of drunken white teenagers motivated by a dislike of the growing Hispanic population in their small coal town of Shenandoah. †[5] Both the Marines and the two men accused of this crime were acquitted of all charges. These types of racial tensions exhibit the racial hierarchies in society. Many guilty people can be set free just because of the color of their skin. In contrast, the story of the maquilladora program, the surge of violence along the border, gender relations, the influx of drug trading, and prevalence of racial tensions and color hierarchies amongst Mexicans and Mexican Americans all illustrate the dangers that face the border. These combinations of problems all make up the transformation of the border within the past several decades. It truly depicts the war of the frontiers. Many residents along the border, as in the town of Columbus are fighting to keep their town as it was by trying to rid the drug trafficking. Many Mexican Americans want a better life for their family, as well as, to not be treated inferiorly by their own people because of the color of their skin. As put by Salman Rushdie, â€Å"By crossing those frontiers, conquering those terrors and reaching their goal, they themselves were now what they were looking for. They had become the god they sought. †[6] For many this â€Å"god,† is the crossing at the border. For some, it leads to a life filled with promises and opportunities, and for others, false hopes and empty promises at their homeland are ever changing. The war of frontiers will continue to exist until the government does more to change how things are run along the controversial border. ———————– [1] Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, â€Å"Chapter 2,† in For We are Sold, I and My People: Women and Industry in Mexico’s Frontier, (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1983), 35. [2] Alejandro Lugo, â€Å"Theorizing Border inspections,† Cultural Dynamics 12:3 (2000), 355. [3] Lugo, 359. [4] Alicia Caldwell, † Drug smugglers from Mexico move into NM town,† Austin American-Statesman, May 1, 2009, http://www. statesman. com/search/content/shared-gen/ap/National/US_Drug_Smugglers_Town. html, accessed on May 1, 2009. [5] Michael Rubinkam, † Luis Ramirez Killers Found Not Guilty After Beating Mexican Immigrant To Death,† Huffington Post, May 2, 2009, http://www. huffingtonpost. com/2009/05/04/luis-ramirez-killers-foun_n_195535. html, accessed on May 4, 2009. [6] Salman Rushdie, â€Å"Step Across This Line,† in Step Across This Line: Collected Nonfiction, 1992-2002, (New York: The Modern Library, 2002), 351.

Aisha Osman. Matthew Brogden. Engl 3001W Textual Analysis

Aisha Osman Matthew Brogden Engl 3001W: Textual Analysis â€Å"Methods† March 8th, 2017 Tradition and the Individual Talent: T.S. Eliot In Tradition and the Individual Talent, T.S. Eliot makes an argument against artists expressing their own emotions and their own personal experiences to a work of art. Eliot goes into detail in how personal experiences in a work of art would essentially be pushing your own emotions on to the reader whether they want them or not. He also highlights the benefits of allowing the text to speak for itself, in a sense. Eliot believes that true art is art that can give its own emotions without the input of the author. Choosing words carefully in such a way that no personal†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"(Eliot, 323). I agree with this statement because Eliot basically comes full circle to say that since there isn’t a solid definition of creative and what is true art and what is not, that art never actually improves. Century old art could not be held to the same standards as modern art not only because of the ever changing appeal of different color schemes and so on but also bec ause century old age does not have the same relevant morals and experiences as modern art. Modern art is more relatable because we may be able to understand them more than we could with older artwork. This quote also ties in with the last quote in the sense that since everyone has a different background and has a different understanding of what creativity is, or even has a different type of taste in artwork, that there is no real scale for if art is actually improving or not. There are only different types of art. T.S. Eliot then takes a drastic turn in stating that a person could never truly be an artist unless they sacrifice their personality. â€Å"The progress of an artist is a continual self-sacrifice, a continual extinction of personality.† (Eliot, 323) I disagree with this statement for more than one reason. The theory of depersonalization in a work of art takes away the humanity in that work of art. Art is a way of expressing one’s emotions, one’s creativity, and one’s message. These are the reasons people even bother making art. Art is never supposed to be

Do you think body building is healthy Well it is not. As...

Do you think body building is healthy? Well it is not. As though it might seem healthy for you because of all the vitamins and organic food body builders consume, it is actually really bad for you. Body building, if done right, can be an excellent way of getting in shape and becoming a healthier new you and also it will increase your strength and overall health. But with all of the steroids, supplements, bad dieting habits and extreme workouts, it is very dangerous and unhealthy to the human body. The dangers of body building can be decreased by those who take the time and gain the knowledge to train properly and effectively. Body building is a lifestyle where you combine good nutrition with training for muscle and strength. Body Builders†¦show more content†¦A Bodybuilder’s diet is often very high in protein but very low in carbohydrate and fat. The cons of this is that low carbohydrate intake causes the body to use fat and protein as its sources of energy. This condition often causes the blood to abnormally high in acid substances called ketone. High levels of Ketone can make your brain not function regular because the brain depends on the carbohydrates to function properly. Before competition, lifters also dehydrate themselves by not drinking any water for one to three days before competing. Dehydrating yourself repeatedly will cause damage to your kidneys and obviously is very unhealthy for any person who puts their body through that. â€Å"Bodybuilding is the healthiest lifestyle in the world, if you do it the natural way. By natural, I mean drug-free, steroid-free, and hormone-free. † (Venuto). Steroids potentially can damage your liver or kidneys. The way people who body build eat, is extremely healthy. Nutrition is the number one aspect of lifting and competing. They are well-known for eating super healthy foods because they know that nutrition is so important for the results that they get. It’s not just in the gym it is in the kitchen as well. For lean proteins you may have; fish, seafood, eggs and even lean red meat. Lifting weights has also been shown to increase and maintain bone density. It increases strength also means increased muscle mass which is good for several reasons.Show MoreRelatedExercise : Exercise And Exercise Essay1380 Words   |  6 Pagesexercise is extremely beneficial to physical and mental health. With a healthy mind and body people can go about their day feeling healthier, having a better sense of body image, and can process thoughts more clearly and concisely. It is also a physiologically natural way of fighting off stressors. What people first think of when they think of exercise is purely l ooking like a model and the fact that people will envy the way you look. While this may be true, and also may be an initial reason peopleRead MoreCan You Lose Weight And Gain Muscle? 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The Discovery Of Polymer And Plastic Demand - 1249 Words

When many units of repeating molecules react together, monomers, the reaction will yield a product in the form of a polymer (Chemistryexplained.com, 2016). The ‘discovery’ of polymers began in 1920, with the belief of Hermann Staudinger, that there existed a molecule consisting of many smaller repeating molecules, under the name ‘macromolecule’ (Chemistryexplained.com, 2016). Nowadays, polymer and plastic demand is even higher than that of copper, aluminium, and even steel, due to their versatile applications in many different industries (Matse1.matse.illinois.edu, 2016). Polymer synthesis can be either synthetic or natural, and can produce many forms of polymers, depending on the involved monomers, and the intended purpose for said polymers (Essentialchemicalindustry.org, 2016). This process involves three main steps, initiation or separating of the double bonds of the to-be-monomer, propagation or the joining of these monomers, and termination, when the de sired chain length has been reached (Chemistryexplained.com, 2016). History is brimful with scientific discoveries both intentional, and completely accidental, however, it can be seen that the majority of polymers were crafted due to societal demand, although the method of actual synthesis initially may have been serendipitous. Two of the polymers scientifically researched and synthesised due to demand of the times were synthetic rubber, and Bakelite (Chemistryexplained.com, 2016). Many polymers were researched andShow MoreRelatedThe Disastrous Effects of Human Invention Essay1494 Words   |  6 Pagesof Earth. From food scraps to plastics to carbon dioxide, we have polluted this planet to its limit. The existence of the human race has turned our home into a giant landfill. 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How important is setting in Tess of the dUrbervilles Essay Example For Students

How important is setting in Tess of the dUrbervilles Essay Hardy uses the setting in Tess of the dUrbervilles to give a bigger impact on other issues raised in the novel. Those issues were the social concerns at that time, which were the agricultural revolution, the role of women and the religious ideas people had. He used these social concerns to portray his own views on them. As you read the novel, Hardy makes clear references about religion and how women are portrayed through his characters. At that time when Hardy wrote this novel, the society was stereotypical about women. There was an image in their minds that women had to be perfect, gentle and harmless and had minds, which worked very simply. Hardy shows the readers that this is the case, occasionally but not always. Tess is raped because she is just a simple country girl and men are able to over-power her and make her do what they want. Later, the people of her village talk about her and judge her by her misfortune. Hardy shows how narrow-minded people are to think such thoughts. Tess behaviour also portrays a misconception about the women at the time. On one hand, there are dairymaids who are quite dumb and dont think deeply about things like Izz, Retty and Marian. But on the other hand, there is a special individual who is different to them, Tess. Even though she is uneducated, Tess is an intelligent woman, who considers and thinks deeply about matters. She isnt weak in the sense that after being violated, her baby dies and she has to face the society, Tess has stayed strong and didnt break down. She tried to stop her past from ruining her future and even left home to work with strangers again. She becomes stronger after each sorrow in her life. I the time before she went to Talbothays and Flintcomb-Ash, Tess was leading two different lives. Both had the same horrific past she had once led hidden away in her bold beautiful eyes. When she left for Talbothays, Tess had been stained by the actions of Alec dUrbervilles lustful desires. Society at that time rejected a woman conceiving a child before marriage so she was seen as impure. When she left for Talbothays, Tess was full of hopes and dreams of a new beginning after being fed up of hearing all the taunts from the people of her village. On the other hand, when Tess Durbeyfield sets off to Flintcomb-Ash, she is in search of a ray of hope that her husband Angel Clare would find it in his heart to forgive her for her past. She wanted Angel to return to her and was very unhappy at the time. The change in mood was due to the events, which took place after she left Talbothays and before she went to Flintcomb-Ash. These events are combined with the setting to view Tess happiness and sorrow. Hardys religious ideas are also clear to the reader due to the characters actions. Tess does not strongly believe in God even though she is very intelligent. People laughed at her pain in church so Hardy is making the Christians who go to Church out to be unfair people. He is giving the reader the impression Christians do not believe in everyone being equal. Angel Clares parents think that average peasants cant be intelligent enough to think for themselves. But Hardy uses Angel to remove this misunderstanding from society. Angel realises for himself that ordinary folk like dairymen and maids can also be wise as well as wealthy people.

Pablo Picasso Essays - Pablo Picasso, Art Movements, Modern Art

Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso Picasso, Pablo Ruiz y (1881-1973), Spanish painter and sculptor, is considered one of the greatest artist of the 20th century. He was a inventor of forms, innovator of styles and techniques, a master of various media, and one of the most prolific artists in history. He created more than 20,000 works. Training and Early Work Picasso was Born in M?laga on October 25, 1881, he was the son of Jos? Ruiz Blasco, an art teacher, and Mar?a Picasso y Lopez. Until 1898 he always used his father's name, Ruiz, and his mother's maiden name, Picasso, to sign his pictures. After about 1901 he dropped ?Ruiz? and used his mother's maiden name to sign his pictures. At the age of 10 he made his first paintings, and at 15 he performed brilliantly on the entrance examinations to Barcelona's School of Fine Arts. His large academic canvas Science and Charity (1897, Picasso Museum, Barcelona), depicting a doctor, a nun, and a child at a sick woman's bedside, won a gold medal. Blue Period Between 1900 and 1902, Picasso made three trips to Paris, finally settling there in 1904. He found the city's bohemian street life fascinating, and his pictures of people in dance halls and caf?s show how he learned the postimpressionism of the French painter Paul Gauguin and the symbolist painters called the Nabis. The themes of the French painters Edgar Degas and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, as well as the style of the latter, exerted the strongest influence. Picasso's Blue Room (1901, Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.) reflects the work of both these painters and, at the same time, shows his evolution toward the Blue Period, so called because various shades of blue dominated his work for the next few years. Expressing human misery, the paintings portray blind figures, beggars, alcoholics, and prostitutes, their somewhat elongated bodies reminiscent of works by the Spanish artist El Greco. Rose Period Shortly after settling in Paris in a shabby building known as the Bateau-Lavoir (?laundry barge,? which it resembled), Picasso met Fernande Olivier, the first of many companions to influence the theme, style, and mood of his work. With this happy relationship, Picasso changed his palette to pinks and reds; the years 1904 and 1905 are thus called the Rose Period. Many of his subjects were drawn from the circus, which he visited several times a week; one such painting is Family of Saltimbanques (1905, National Gallery, Washington, D.C.). In the figure of the harlequin, Picasso represented his alter ego, a practice he repeated in later works as well. Dating from his first decade in Paris are friendships with the poet Max Jacob, the writer Guillaume Apollinaire, the art dealers Ambroise Vollard and Daniel Henry Kahnweiler, and the American expatriate writers Gertrude Stein and her brother Leo, who were his first important patrons; Picasso did portraits of them all. Protocubism In the summer of 1906, during Picasso's stay in G?sol, Spain, his work entered a new phase, marked by the influence of Greek, Iberian, and African art. His celebrated portrait of Gertrude Stein (1905-1906, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City) reveals a masklike treatment of her face. The key work of this early period, however, is Les demoiselles d'Avignon (1907, Museum of Modern Art, New York City), so radical in style?its picture surface resembling fractured glass?that it was not even understood by contemporary avant-garde painters and critics. Destroyed were spatial depth and the ideal form of the female nude, which Picasso restructured into harsh, angular planes. Cubism?Analytic and Synthetic Inspired by the volumetric treatment of form by the French postimpressionist artist Paul C?zanne, Picasso and the French artist Georges Braque painted landscapes in 1908 in a style later described by a critic as being made of ?little cubes,? thus leading to the term cubism. Some of their paintings are so similar that it is difficult to tell them apart. Working together between 1908 and 1911, they were concerned with breaking down and analyzing form, and together they developed the first phase of cubism, known as analytic cubism. Monochromatic color schemes were favored in their depictions of radically fragmented motifs, whose several sides were shown simultaneously. Picasso's favorite subjects were musical instruments, still-life objects, and his friends; one famous